451

Index

Antibiotic resistance proteins, 20

Antifungal biochemicals, 72

Antimicrobial

activity, 69

molecules, 73

Antioxidant, 104, 113, 438

activities, 110, 146

defense, 111, 112, 115, 149, 416, 422

enzymes, 58, 63, 68–71, 74–76, 82,

84–86, 103, 104, 114, 136, 140, 142,

178, 179, 244, 245

alternation, 105

system, 68, 81

metabolites, 63

system, 68, 102, 155

Antioxidative

defense mechanism, 401, 419

enzymes, 100, 253

Antiparallel direction/singlet state, 152

Amine oxidase (AOs), 153

Apoplast, 403, 410, 418

Apoplastic spaces, 153

Apoptosis, 256

Aquaglycoporins, 365

Aquaporins (AQP), 70, 101, 111, 424

Aquatic

environment, 25

systems, 25

Arabidopsis, 44, 68, 70, 73, 115, 170–172,

176, 177, 179, 195–203, 205–207,

243–245, 252, 253, 257, 264, 267–269,

277–279, 285, 317, 333, 334, 337, 338,

356, 357, 359, 361, 363, 367, 369–373,

375, 381, 383, 385, 405, 406, 409, 411,

413–415, 417, 419, 439

H2AK121 monoubiquitination, 372

A. thaliana, 44, 68, 70, 73, 172, 176, 264,

267, 269, 279, 317, 333, 334, 337, 338,

363, 367, 373, 383, 385, 405, 406, 409,

411, 439

transgenic plants, 205

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), 17, 41, 42,

46, 57, 59, 76, 79, 87

fungi, 17, 46, 57, 59

symbiosis, 316

Archaeal adaptive immune system, 332

Architectural alterations, 365

Arginine, 354, 373, 437, 440

methyltransferases, 373

Argonaute (AGO), 251, 254–256, 258, 260,

262, 269, 274, 352, 353, 375, 276

mediated complexes, 352

proteins, 258, 375

family, 251

Arsenic, 21, 49, 69, 71, 335, 365

tolerant plants, 365

Artificial transcription factors, 190, 200, 208

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), 20, 58, 63, 68,

70, 104, 105, 141, 143, 149, 155, 244, 245,

406, 407, 409, 410, 417, 418, 422, 425

Ascorbic acid, 45, 47, 101, 104, 107, 144,

155

Aspartate, 408, 416, 437

aminotransferase, 408, 416

Atropine, 433

Autochthonous, 4

Automated large-scale sequencing, 386

Automobiles, 111

Auxin, 44, 46, 66, 73, 82, 85, 102, 151, 275

signaling pathways, 102

Avena sativa, 436

Azospirillum, 42, 44–47, 60, 67, 75, 77

brasilense, 44, 75

Azotobacter, 19, 42, 60, 77

B

Bacillus, 14, 19, 22, 42, 45, 47, 48, 60, 66,

68, 70, 71, 73, 76, 77, 175

amyloliquefaciens, 45, 47, 76

cereus, 68

pumilus, 48

subtilis, 48, 68, 70, 73

thuringiensis, 175

Bacterial endophytes, 59, 65, 66

Barley genotypes, 245

Basic

helix-loop-helix (bHLH), 270, 270, 406,

413

leucine zipper (bZIP), 188, 194, 197, 203,

204, 206, 406, 413, 436

Begomoviruses, 337

Beneficial microorganisms, 42, 79

Benzopyrene, 14

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1

(BADH1), 321

Bioaccumulation of microbes, 49